Food & nutrition
Killing Germs Without Boiling: Pasteurization
Pasteurization heats food below boiling to cut pathogens and spoilage microbes while keeping flavor and nutrition. This piece covers Pasteur’s wine experiments in 1864, Soxhlet’s m
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Information technology
Using Network Technology to Optimize Day-to-Day Operations
Network technology is at the heart of modern society's information and communications infrastructure and has become an indispensable part of the business environment. In a rapidly
Chemistry
Holding Steady When Shaken: Buffer Solutions
A few drops of lemon juice make water sour, so why does the pH of blood stay the same? This article explains buffer solutions, whose pH barely changes even when acid or base is add
Food & nutrition
The Powerful Effects of Glutathione: A Secret Weapon for Protecting Your Health
In modern society, maintaining health is becoming an increasingly important challenge. Many people try to protect their health through dietary supplements, but the effects of gluta
Library & information science
The Words We Use Most Are Always Few: Zipf's Law
Why do a handful of words appear on every page while most words show up only once or twice? This article covers how Zipf's Law became known, the inverse relationship between rank a
Statistics
Maximizing Practical Use Through Data Correlation Analysis
Data analysis has become an important tool in the modern business environment. In particular, data correlation analysis plays a key role in understanding relationships among multip
Design
Overview of Major Image Formats [Types/Extensions] (jpg, gif, png, psd, ai, etc.)
This time, I would like to discuss commonly encountered computer and mobile image formats(types). Images have different file types (extensions), such as Jpg, gif, and png, and I wi
Robotics
From Fingertip Goals Back to Joint Angles: Inverse Kinematics
Inverse kinematics finds the joint angles that place a robot’s end effector at a desired pose. This piece covers forward versus inverse kinematics, multiple or missing solutions an
Information technology
Core VPN Features and Safe Internet Use
In modern society, the internet has become an essential part of our lives. However, as internet use increases, problems such as personal information leaks and invasions of privacy
Education
The Miracle Created by Teachers’ Expectations: The Pygmalion Effect
Pygmalion, a sculptor in Greek mythology, sincerely loved “Galatea,” the beautiful ivory statue of a goddess that he had carved. He tenderly cared for the statue and longed for it
Economics
The Higher the Price, the More People Buy: The Giffen Good
A Giffen good is a good whose quantity demanded rises when its price rises and falls when its price falls, going against the law of demand. We look at where the name came from, why
Logistics
Moving Road Freight onto Rails and Sea Lanes: Modal Shift
Modal shift means moving freight that used to travel mainly by truck onto modes that carry large volumes at once, such as rail and coastal shipping. This piece covers why it matter