Film & media
The Camera That Circles Frozen Time: Bullet Time
Bullet time is a visual effect in which time seems to slow down or stop while the camera keeps moving around the scene at normal speed. This article explains how it differs from sl
Film & media
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Film & media
The Camera That Follows Without a Shake: The Steadicam
The Steadicam is a body-worn camera stabilizer that keeps the operator's movements from reaching the camera. We look at how it was born, the structure and principles that tame the
Film & media
Remaking Even a Single Footstep: Foley
Foley is the craft of recording everyday sounds such as footsteps, rustling clothes, and closing doors in post-production to match the picture. This piece covers its roots in 1920s
Film & media
The Sound That Rings Inside the Screen: Diegetic Sound
Diegetic sound is sound whose source we accept as being inside the story world, like dialogue, footsteps, or a radio in the scene, while non-diegetic sound such as background music
Film & media
The Dizzying Shot Where Only the Background Moves: The Dolly Zoom
A dolly zoom moves the camera while zooming the lens the opposite way, keeping a person the same size while the background stretches or swells. This piece covers its birth in Hitch
Film & media
When Shape Carries Across the Cut: The Match Cut
A bone becomes a satellite, a match becomes a desert sun—what is that edit? This article explains the match cut: how it differs from a jump cut, graphic, action, and auditory types
Film & media
A Gaze That Tilts the World: The Dutch Angle
Why does a slightly tilted frame make us uneasy? This article covers what the Dutch angle is, its roots in German Expressionism and the origin of its name, how film and TV have use
Film & media
The Power of Scenes That Run Without a Cut: The Long Take
What effects does a long take, filming one scene at length without editing, create? This article covers what a long take is, Bazin's ideas, realism and tension, examples such as Ro
Film & media
Editing That Skips Through Time: The Jump Cut
What is a jump cut, the kind of edit in which time seems to leap forward within the same shot? This article explains its relationship to the 30-degree rule, Godard's Breathless, ho
Film & media
The Empty Object Everyone Chases: The MacGuffin
Why does a film stay gripping even when we never learn what is in the briefcase everyone is chasing? This article explains the MacGuffin, a story device that is vital to the charac
Film & media
The Grammar of Space: The 180-Degree Rule
When two people face each other in conversation on screen, we never lose track of who is sitting where, thanks to a filmmaking convention known as the 180-degree rule. This article
Film & media
The Power of Editing to Create Emotion: The Kuleshov Effect
The Kuleshov Effect is the phenomenon in which viewers create new meaning and emotion on their own when the same shot is joined to different shots. This article covers the concept