Tourism studies
A Shop That Sells Without Taxes: The Duty-Free Shop
A duty-free shop sells goods to travelers leaving the country without customs duties or value-added tax. This article covers how duty-free shops began, why they can drop taxes, the
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Food & nutrition
Why a Cut Apple Changes Color: Enzymatic Browning
Enzymatic browning is the reaction in which enzymes in fruits and vegetables use oxygen to oxidize phenolic compounds into brown pigments. This piece covers how polyphenol oxidase
Library & information science
Research Cited Together Is Close: Co-citation Analysis
Co-citation analysis judges two documents to be closer in subject the more often other documents cite them together. Learn how it emerged, how co-citation strength is counted, how
Earth science
What Are the Causes and Effects of Global Warming? What Are the Solutions?
Global warming is one of the most important environmental issues we face today. Since industrialization, a sharp increase in greenhouse gas emissions has caused Earth's average tem
Design
Flow Holds When Responses Come Within 0.4 Seconds: The Doherty Threshold
The Doherty Threshold is the principle that when a computer responds within about 0.4 seconds, people and machines stop waiting on each other and productivity rises sharply. This p
Psychology
The Effects of Impressions in Psychology and the Situations They Influence
In psychology, impressions are considered a very important concept, and the first impressions we form of other people or things have a very powerful influence. These impressions gr
General knowledge
A Preview of Major Accidents: Heinrich’s Law
Major accidents rarely happen “suddenly”; they are usually preceded by many small warning signs. This article explains Heinrich’s Law (the 1:29:300 rule), its domino theory, later
Psychology
Causes of Burnout and How to Overcome It: A Path to a Healthy Life
Rapid technological advances and dramatic social changes in modern society are presenting many people with new challenges and considerable stress. These changes affect not only wor
Logistics
Balancing Ordering and Holding Costs: The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)
The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), presented by Ford W. Harris in 1913, is the order size that minimizes the sum of fixed ordering costs and inventory holding costs when demand is
Chemistry
The Power of Organic Chemistry in Driving Modern Science and Industry
Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies the structures, properties, and reactions of carbon-based compounds, and it is closely connected to various disciplines, inc
Economics
Only the Bad Cars Remain: The Market for Lemons
Why can good products disappear from a market where buyers cannot judge quality? This article covers Akerlof's 1970 paper, how adverse selection drives good goods out, examples bey
Food & nutrition
The Science of Delicious Browning: The Maillard Reaction
Why do bread crusts and grilled meat turn brown and taste so savory? This article explains what the Maillard reaction is and how it works, conditions such as temperature, moisture,