Statistics
An Easy Guide to Understanding Reliability and Validity
Reliability and validity always come up when studying surveys in statistics, marketing, or opinion polling. This guide uses two illustrated examples, shooting and makeup, to make t
Articles to explore
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General knowledge
Refuting Takes Ten Times the Effort: Brandolini's Law
Brandolini's Law is the rule of thumb that refuting a false claim takes far more effort than producing it. We look at where the law came from, why rebuttals are so hard, older insi
Library & information science
Research Cited Together Is Close: Co-citation Analysis
Co-citation analysis judges two documents to be closer in subject the more often other documents cite them together. Learn how it emerged, how co-citation strength is counted, how
Film & media
5.1 Surround Sound Concepts and Premiere Setup
This time, we will look at how to configure a sequence in Premiere when working with 5.1 surround files during video and audio production, and how a 5.1 surround system is arranged
Statistics
Why Your Friends Have More Friends Than You: The Friendship Paradox
The friendship paradox is the phenomenon in which most people's friends have, on average, more friends than they do. This article explains why it happens with a simple calculation,
Psychology
The Confidence of Not Knowing: The Dunning-Kruger Effect
Why are some people so confident even when they do poorly on a test, while experts often seem modest? This article explains the Dunning-Kruger effect and the classic study behind i
Education
Learning Without Being Taught: The Hidden Curriculum
The hidden curriculum is what students learn at school without anyone planning or teaching it. This guide explains what it means and where it came from, how it takes shape in the c
Psychology
What Are the Concepts and Principles of Learning in Psychology?
Learning refers to the process of acquiring or changing knowledge, skills, attitudes, responses, and other attributes through an individual's experiences and changes in their envir
Education
Using Various Learning Theories for Effective Education
Learning theories are an important element that forms the foundation of education as a field of study, aiming to explain human learning processes and thereby propose effective teac
Economics
Does Destruction Revive the Economy? The Broken Window Fallacy
Can rebuilding after a disaster or war really make a society richer? This piece explains the broken window fallacy through Frédéric Bastiat’s 1850 parable of the seen and the unsee
Information technology
Clever Code Is Hard to Fix: Kernighan's Law
Kernighan's Law says that debugging is twice as hard as writing code, so code written as cleverly as possible can't be debugged by its own author. We look at where the line came fr
Social welfare
Unemployment Benefits: Essential Eligibility Requirements and How to Claim Them
Unemployment benefits are an important social safety net that provides financial stability when workers unexpectedly lose their jobs. Provided as part of the employment insurance s