Earth science
An Invisible Lid Over the Sky: Temperature Inversion
Why does a layer of air form that gets warmer, not colder, with height? This article explains how temperature inversions form and their types, their effects on fine dust, fog, and
Articles to explore
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Design
The More Choices, the Slower the Decision: Hick's Law
Why do decisions take longer the more options there are? This article explains Hick's Law, covering its meaning and origins in a lamp experiment, decision time that grows logarithm
General knowledge
Masterpieces Are Always the Few: Sturgeon's Law
Sturgeon's Law is the rule of thumb that 90% of anything is crud. We look at how it came about, what it really means, similar ideas that came before it, and how to use it wisely in
General knowledge
How to Create a Mind Map - A Method for Generating Ideas
This time, I would like to put together material about mind mapping, a technique frequently used to discover (generate) new ideas. Whereas brainstorming, another method for generat
Statistics
Understanding Deduction and Induction Simply and Easily
Deduction and induction are key concepts in research, but they can feel unfamiliar and confusing at first. This article explains each method in the simplest possible terms with eas
Design
Complexity Never Disappears: Tesler's Law of Conservation of Complexity
When a product feels simple, where did its complexity go? This article covers the origins of Tesler's Law, the three parties who share the burden of complexity, everyday examples,
Information technology
Strict When Sending, Lenient When Receiving: Postel's Law
How did the early internet keep working despite small differences between implementations? This article covers where Postel's Law (the Robustness Principle) came from, why it matte
Robotics
Reaching Out a Hand from Afar: Teleoperation
Teleoperation lets a person control a distant machine directly, sending their hands and eyes where people cannot safely go. This article covers its origins in 1940s–50s nuclear lab
Robotics
Three Promises Robots Must Keep: Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics
Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics are a set of prioritized rules: a robot must not harm humans, must obey human orders, and must protect itself. We look at how the laws were born, wh
Information technology
Confirming the Confirmation Never Ends: The Two Generals’ Problem
The Two Generals’ Problem is a thought experiment showing that, over a channel where messages can be lost, two parties can never be completely certain they have agreed to act toget
Business administration
Where Should We Grow? The Ansoff Matrix
The Ansoff Matrix splits “what to sell (products)” and “whom to sell to (markets)” into existing and new, showing four growth strategies a company can choose along with how risky e
Film & media
The Art of Shifting Only the Gaze: Rack Focus
Rack focus shifts the sharp subject within a single shot by changing the lens focus, guiding the viewer's eye without a cut. This article covers how it works, what it says in a sto