Economics
Reading the Economy through the Producer Price Index (PPI)
The Producer Price Index (PPI) is an economic indicator and an important tool for measuring changes in the prices of goods and services that producers supply to the market. It does
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Social welfare
When the Village Took Responsibility for Poverty: The Elizabethan Poor Law
The Elizabethan Poor Law was a 1601 English law that made each parish collect a tax to support its poor instead of leaving relief to church charity alone. Learn why it was created,
Library & information science
The Rich Get Richer: The Matthew Effect
The Matthew effect is the phenomenon in which a person or work that starts slightly ahead gains more opportunities and recognition thanks to that lead, so the gap widens over time.
Business administration
Watching Changes Things: The Hawthorne Effect
Why does performance often jump right after a new management practice is introduced, only to slip back later? This article explains the Hawthorne effect: its definition and the ori
Statistics
Judging Individuals by the Average: The Ecological Fallacy
The ecological fallacy is the mistake of assuming that conclusions drawn from group-level data apply equally to each individual in the group. This article covers how the name arose
Social welfare
Everyone's Hour Is Worth the Same: Time Banking
Time banking is a neighborhood service-exchange system in which people earn time credits for the hours they spend helping others and use those credits to get help when they need it
Information technology
The Formula That Sets the Limits of Parallelism: Amdahl’s Law
Why doesn’t doubling your cores double your speed? Amdahl’s Law shows that the serial portion you cannot parallelize caps the overall speedup at 1/s. This piece covers the formula,
Logistics
Gather in One Place, Then Redistribute: The Hub-and-Spoke Model
The hub-and-spoke model gathers cargo from many origins at a central hub, sorts it by destination, and sends it back out to each region. This piece covers how it compares with poin
Business administration
The Impact of Leadership on Organizational Performance
In modern society, a company's success depends heavily on the quality of its leadership. Leadership is an important factor in achieving organizational goals, going beyond simply gi
Tourism studies
The Economic Potential and Social Change of Adventure Tourism
Adventure tourism is a rapidly growing field that occupies an important place in modern tourism studies. This article first examines the definition and historical background of adv
Library & information science
Types of Contracts for Library Acquisitions and Their Advantages and Disadvantages
This time, I would like to put together information on the types of contracts that library staff should know about when purchasing books from suppliers. This material also concerns
Journalism & communication
Persuasion That Wakes Up Over Time: The Sleeper Effect
The sleeper effect is the phenomenon in which a message from a hard-to-believe source has little power at first but becomes more persuasive as time passes. We look at how it was di